THE CONSTRUCTION ORIGIN OF THE AL-KAROMAH GREAT MOSQUE OF MARTAPURA

As we know, since the establishment of the kingdom of Banjar Islamic law to be a reference Sultan who ruled. Construction of the mosque was very considered. At that time, in addition to functioning mosques and places of worship-Islamic propaganda, as well as a bulwark against the fighters in the Dutch colonization. 

When the Dutch failed to capture the Prince Hidayat, they ruthlessly burned the entire Pesayangan village. Martapura beautiful mosques burned participate. The incident occurred on 4 February 1862. And in the same year Demang Lehman was hanged by the Dutch. As a result of the burning, people Martapura was then initiated to build a mosque. As the realization, in 1863 community leaders, teachers, and the wealthy consulted to establish a new, larger mosque
Those who pioneered the establishment of the Great Mosque of Al Karomah , among others: H.M. Apip In the village of Fence, from Kampung Pasayangan H.M. Thaher, H.M. Nasir from Kampung Melayu, and others. They all zuriat Arsyad Sheikh Al-Banjari. 

The first step is to find a long pole and a large ironwood. This task was entrusted to H.M. Apip or better known Datu Landak . Because in Martapura not found, then Datu Landak search for it to Barito ( Central Kalimantan ). During the search process encountered many obstacles, but thanks to the magic of Datu Landak, it can be overcome. Ironwood rod so that later the Al Karomah Four Pillars, which until now still preserved its existence. The shape of the mosque, determined from the results of the deliberations of each village is located around Martapura order to bring you the plans for the mosque. 

When the invitations assembled, it turns out there is carrying a birdcage -shaped object wrapped cloth. Once unlocked turns contents miniature mosque made ​​of sago palm frond. The exact shape of artificial Demak mosque Sunan Kalidjaga. In the village messengers and carrier Fence. From the results of the deliberations it was agreed that the draft that was used as a mosque Martapura form that became known as the Al Karomah. 

Until now, form the building mosque by K.H Halilul Rahman , the Secretary General on the management of the mosque has three times the rehab. By following the shape of modern buildings and Europe, now the Great Mosque of Al Karomah Martapura look more majestic. Although modern style, four- pole Ulin became the first Saka Guru heritage buildings still standing in the middle of the mosque. The pole is surrounded by dozens of concrete pillars that spread inside the mosque.

Architecture Great Mosque of Al Karomah Martapura which cost Rp27 billion in the last rehab around 2004, many adopted the form of the Middle East. Like the onion dome roof and Dutch-style ornaments. Originally Mosque conical roof with roof construction overlap, traditional-style mosques Banjar. After several rehab eventually turned into a dome shape.

When the architecture of the building lot has changed, but a preacher preaching pulpit older than a century to the present work. Pulpit carved flower -shaped strands stage equipped ladder is still functioning and architected by HM Musyafa. Spatial patterns in the Great Mosque of Al Karomah also adopt the spatial pattern of the architecture of the Great Mosque of Demak which was taken simultaneously with the introduction of Islam to this region by Khatib Dayan. Because the expanded architecture of the Great Mosque of Demak left only four ironwood pole or mast are also called four teachers from the old building.

Teacher poles are poles surrounding the cella space or sacred space. Cella enclosed space poles in front of the teachers are mihrab, which means it is more important cosmological cella of the mihrab. History teacher four poles using ropes aka seradang drawn by Datu Landak with the community. On nature and God Iradat Master Four poles erected. The mosque was first built measuring 37.5 meters x 37.5 meters.

THE HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF TRADITIONAL BANJAR HOUSE

High ridge hear the name, you also must be ready with the term" house Banjar " / "House Ba'anjung ". Both refer to the custom house in South Kalimantan. Called Banjar house, because it is the majority tribe in South Kalimantan is Banjarese. The house they live in is spread over the entire region of South Kalimantan. Therefore he was named the province's traditional house. The term " High ridge house " refers to the traditional house form itself that is high atamnya section and taper to form a 45-degree angle.

The legend says, this custom home in South Kalimantan has existed since the 16th century, precisely during the reign of the Prince of the ocean or also known as Sultan Suriansyah. In the early days of its manufacture, the traditional house of banjar construction simpler is equipped with rectangular shaped which tend extends from the front to. However, over time, the traditional house of Banjar is then modified according to the needs of the owner of the house by adding a section on the left and right side. The term used for Banjar traditional house that added a certain part that is " disumbi ". Firstly, Banjar traditional house can only be found in the palace Banjar. But over time, our society also helped to build a house by adopting a building in the neighborhood of the palace until nearly evenly spreading even to Central Kalimantan and East Kalimantan.

Just like other traditional house, traditional house Banjar -making is not arbitrary construction fiksik main house. The materials used combined with the beliefs held as well as physical factors of land in the area at the time of Banjar kingdom. Explanation of the details as follows:

•  Foundation, stick to the pole also be high because the house of Banjar ago tend swampy    ground. The wood used is ideally Galam wood or also called by the name of Lime Wood Dragon.
•  Framework house in Banjar house wearing the traditional size fathoms odd because is believed to have magical and sacred elements. The other part of the implant is made of ironwood, Gelagar belangiran also made ​​of white resins, floor composed of ironwood boards with a thickness of 3 cm, also door window frame made ​​of boards also balokan ironwood and others.
• Part floor at Banjar traditional house is also known as Rarely floor. He generally located in Surambi Advance, Space Mix and also Anjung Jurai.
•    Banjar home wall compiled with the board standing position thus takes stake Tawing Balabad and also to be attached
•  The roof of the house Banjar is the most prominent signature . The roof is a symbol of power . He made ​​soaring into the sky.

Philosophical and Religious Values ​​of Banjar House

Just like other custom homes in the archipelago, custom home in South Kalimantan also stores its own value system. In the past, the Dayak who had embraced Islam that became known as Banjar tribe. Therefore, the influence of the religion of Islam in the tribal house is quite thick. Just look at the engraving on the body that symbolizes brotherhood, fertility and unity. If you are observant, you can also find carvings Shahada, Salawat, as well as the names of Caliph Al - Quran verse pieces on certain parts of the house Banjar. However, it is not impossible for us to find the house Banjar with Hindu and Buddhist influences are still strong.

In addition to Islamic values, the house Banjar also still found the philosophical values ​​, among others:

1.     Duet universe, namely the belief that the home is a sacred place to stay because the gods also inhabit the place. Although vague, but these elements are still clearly. Please only refer to the existence of the carving dragon vague on the body. He is a natural symbol below. Temporal, the Hornbill bird Ivory carving represents the nature of.
2.  Tree of life. Banjar house identical with its roof soaring. He is a symbol of Life trees towering into the sky. Tree of Life itself is a symbol of the cosmic reflection of the various dimensions that unite the universe.
3.   Umbrella. At first glance, the roof on custom home in South Kalimantan is also similar to paying. In the past, paying regarded as a symbol of power orientation . He also is a symbol of nobility. In the past, yellow umbrellas even considered as one of the kingdom that should never be lost in a variety of custom events.
4.  Symmetrical. It is a symbol of a balanced life . Banjar home made ​​symmetrical to show the system balanced Banjar royal government.
5.   Head - Body - Foot. The shape of the house Banjar or ridge High depict humans are divided into 3 major parts ie head , body and legs . As part of the pavilion representing the right and left parts of the right and left hand man.
6. Spatial. High ridge custom homes, especially in the sphere of the kingdom is divided into several sections. One part is a semi-public space that is the porch or in the local spelling called Surambi. The room is tiered with the first chronological surmabi face, speech and surambi surambi pamedangan langdung bordering the main door of the house ( the Face Lawang ) . Entering the custom house, will be found also that the presence of the same hirearkis tiered floor Penampik include Small, Middle and Penampuk Great Penampik. Each story reflects the social status of its time in Banjar. Hiriarkis This is a symbol of the heavy manners.
7.   Tawing Halat. In South Kalimantan, this custom home you can also find Tawing Halat or separation wall that divides the two semi- private and private rooms. This is so that the king could see clearly the guests while guests can only guess at the state of the king in the semi-private room.
8. Denah Cecak Burung. It is the plan of the house Banjar form plus symbol(+). He is a piece of the axes of the building toward the front towards the rear and the right toward the left. If examined, the same pattern with bird Cacak which is considered sacred. 

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LOK BAINTAN FLOATING MARKET

Lok Baintan Floating Market or Martapura River Floating Market is a traditional floating market which located in the village of sungai pinang (Lok Baintan), sungai Tabuk subdistrict , Banjar . In general , Lok Baintan Floating Market is not different with the Floating Market in Kuin River estuary / Barito River . Both are above the traditional market that sells a variety of merchandise boats , such as the production of agricultural / plantation and lasted not too long , a maximum of about three to four hours . This floating market has been around since the days of the Sultanate of Banjar.

Along coastal streams of Martapura Lokbaintan, looks boat convoy to the location of the floating market . These boats belonged to merchants and farmers will market their crops . They come from various tributary Martapura , such as Lenge River , Bakung River , Paku Alam River , Saka Bunut River , Madang River , Tandifah River , and Lok Baintan River.

To get the floating market of Lok Baintan from downtown can be reached with two alternatives . The first alternative is down Martapura river  by using kelotok , a type of boat engine . With kelotok , traveling from downtown to the floating market fairly quickly because it takes 30 minutes . The second alternative is by using of land vehicles such as cars . However , for the second alternative requires a longer time which is one hour to reach the floating market . That is because the field trips that tend to be heavy and tortuous.

Trading activity started at 06.00 am to 09.30 am . The merchants are dominated the women's wear headgear ( Tanggui ) . They sell a variety of merchandise , such as fish , vegetables , fruits , traditional cakes , and others . In the floating market is still in effect barter system , and money is not a major transaction tool in the floating market.

Generally , merchandise is to be bartered crops such as vegetables and fruits . The amount and the balance amount depending on the agreement between the two results barter parties. If you agree , then each will get items as you wish and then used for personal use at home.